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Insights7simulation activities. While our R&D teams are not yet in urgent need of quantum solutions, we recognize the transformative potential of quantum computing in areas like matrix multiplication and molecular chemistry simulations. These capabilities could significantly enhance our ability to simulate complex chemical processes and material interactions, creating a more sustainable process by reducing computational resources and the CO2 emissions associated with traditional methods. We are closely monitoring advancements in quantum technology and are prepared to integrate these solutions into our operations as they become more viable and accessible, around 2027-2028.What are the new cyber threats related to GenAI and connected devices, linked to Michelin%u2019s digitalization?The digital transformation of our manufacturing processes indeed brings new cybersecurity challenges. The integration of GenAI and connected devices introduces potential vulnerabilities that we must address proactively. One of the primary concerns is the risk of data leakage, especially as we deploy AI systems that handle sensitive information. To mitigate these risks, we focus on implementing robust network segmentation and dynamic firewalls. These measures help us control access and protect our systems from unauthorized intrusions. Additionally, we are vigilant about the security of our AI models, ensuring that they are not only effective but also secure from external threats. Our approach involves a multilayered security architecture that safeguards data integrity and prevents unauthorized access, thereby maintaining the trust of our stakeholders. To ensure the safe use of generative AI, we adapt our usage based on the need: for core business issues, we use open-source LLMs on our proprietary clouds, while for less critical issues, we can use off-theshelf tools.How does Michelin collaborate with deeptech startups?Collaboration with deeptech startups is a vital component of our innovation strategy. We actively engage with startups to integrate cutting-edge technologies into our operations, particularly in areas where we seek to enhance our capabilities beyond our core competencies. For example, we work with startups specializing in AI and computer vision to incorporate their solutions into our manufacturing and quality control processes. This partnership approach allows us to remain agile and at the forefront of technological advancements. Our goal is to transform Michelin into a software-driven company, leveraging digital solutions to optimise our R&D, manufacturing, supply chain, and marketing efforts. By doing so, we open Michelin to new opportunities for collaboration with digital actors while ensuring that we protect and enhance our core expertise.